Altitude Sickness: Prevention and Treatment

Understanding Altitude Sickness

Altitude sickness (Acute Mountain Sickness - AMS) occurs when your body struggles to adapt to low oxygen levels at high elevations. It commonly affects trekkers above 8,000 ft (2,500m) and can range from mild discomfort to life-threatening conditions.

Symptoms of Altitude Sickness

✅ Mild AMS:

• Headache
• Nausea
• Fatigue
• Dizziness
• Loss of appetite
⚠️ Severe AMS (Seek Immediate Help):

• Shortness of breath at rest
• Confusion or loss of coordination
• Coughing up pink/white fluid
• Severe unrelieved headache

Prevention: How to Avoid Altitude Sickness

1. Gradual Ascent

• Climb high, sleep low (max 1,000 ft/day above 10,000 ft)
• Follow the 3-day rule at 11,500 ft+
2. Stay Hydrated

• Drink 3-4 liters daily
• Avoid alcohol & caffeine
3. Medication

• Diamox (125mg twice daily, consult doctor)
• Ibuprofen for headaches

Treatment: What to Do If Symptoms Appear

Mild AMS

✔ Stop ascending
✔ Hydrate & take painkillers
✔ Consider Diamox if prescribed

Severe AMS (HAPE/HACE) – EMERGENCY

🚨 Immediate descent (1,500-3,000 ft)
🚨 Supplemental oxygen if available
🚨 Dexamethasone (HACE) or Nifedipine (HAPE)
🚨 Evacuate to lower altitude ASAP

Best Treks for Acclimatization

• Everest Base Camp – Slow, well-planned ascent
• Annapurna Circuit – Natural elevation changes
• Markha Valley – Dry climate helps adaptation